Question
Why is an accurate diagnosis of mood disorders in children and adolescents crucial for effective treatment and support?
Answer
An accurate diagnosis of mood disorders in children is vital because it directly impacts every aspect of the child’s care plan, including therapeutic approaches, medication decisions, behavioral interventions, and educational supports. Misdiagnosis—such as labeling a child with ADHD or ODD when the true issue is bipolar disorder—can lead to inappropriate treatment strategies that fail to address the root of the child’s struggles. For instance, a child with undiagnosed bipolar disorder may be placed on stimulant medications that exacerbate manic symptoms, leading to further instability and confusion about the child’s needs.
Furthermore, mood disorders manifest differently in children than in adults. For example, depression in children may appear as irritability or aggression rather than sadness. This nuanced presentation underscores the importance of clinicians, therapists, and school personnel developing a deep understanding of these disorders to avoid superficial labeling and to support accurate identification. Disorders like disruptive mood dysregulation disorder (DMDD) and persistent depressive disorder require careful observation over time, especially in various settings.
Collaborative efforts between schools, families, and medical providers are essential. Observations from school settings—especially during unstructured times like recess or transitions—provide valuable data that can inform medical evaluations. Establishing communication between educators and health professionals, including through behavioral checklists or regular updates, helps ensure that changes in behavior, possibly related to medication or developmental growth, are promptly addressed. This coordinated approach supports better outcomes and helps children more fully participate in meaningful daily activities.
This Ask the Expert is an edited excerpt from the course, Let’s Not Overlook Mood Disorders In Our Youth Population, presented by Tere Bowen-Irish, OTR/L.
